Und täglich grüßt das Murmeltier.
Wie oft muss man jemandem beweisen, dass er ganz offensichtlich entweder nicht Englisch kann oder ein Problem mit verstehendem Lesen hat?
Wie oft noch, werden hier die Aussagen der WSAVA verfälscht?
DAS sagt die WSAVA zu Leptospirose (meine Anmerkungen in ROT dazu):
Initial dose at 8 weeks of
age or older. A second
dose is given 2–4 weeks
later. Komisch, ich sehe hier keine Warnung für Hunde unter 12 Wochen
Annually.
Non-core. Weil in den USA Gebiete ohne nennenswertes Risiko existieren, wird diese Impfung in den USA als non-core betrachet. S.u.
Leptospira vaccines have been developed to account for the known circulating pathogenic serogroups in different geographical areas. Note that Leptospira serogroups may include multiple serovars. There is often confusion with the use of the terms ‘serogroup’ and ‘serovar’. Vaccination should be restricted to use in geographical areas where a risk of exposure has been established or for dogs whose lifestyle places them at risk. This vaccine is known to provide protection that is less robust and may be of shorter duration, and therefore these products must be administered annually [EB1].
In the past, Leptospira bacterin vaccines have been suggested to be linked to a higher prevalence of allergic adverse events – particularly in small breed dogs. The evidence base for this is low [EB4] and one published study indicates no greater risk from Leptospira bacterins (Moore
et al. 2005) [EB1]. The European Consensus Statement on Leptospirosis (Schuller et al.2015) also takes this view.
Auf gut Deutsch: frühe wurden Lepto-Impfstoffe mit einem erhöhten Risiko für allergische Reaktionen in Verbindung gebracht. Schon damals war die Beweislage niedrig bzw. gibt es sogar eine Studie, die dies widerlegt.
http://www.wsava.org/sites/default/files/WSAVA Vaccination Guidelines 2015 Full Version.pdf
Der in diesem Text angesprochene Herr Moore hat auch herausgefunden, dass kleine Hunde, besonders Yorkis, signifikant häufiger an Leptospirose erkranken (Untersuchung in den USA, zw. 2000 und 2009). Er nimmt an, dass das Nichtimpfen, durch Verunsicherung der Halter, die Ursache für die erhöhte Rate ist. Das muss man sich mal auf der Zunge zergehen lassen.
Und um der ganzen Sache noch mehr Hand und Fuß zu geben, gehe ich auch gerne noch auf den European Consensus, der von der WSAVA angesprochen wurde ein. Da der 1) mehr Infos bietet und 2) die in Europa herrschende Situation besser betrachtet ein:
"Concern has been raised regarding the development of anaphylactoid
reactions in dogs after leptospirosis vaccination,
especially in some small breed dogs, although such reactions
can occur in any breed and small breed dogs are more susceptible
to reactions with any vaccine (Moore et al. 2005). There
is anecdotal evidence from veterinarians and industry that the
prevalence of these reactions is decreasing, and now approximates
the rate induced by vaccines for other pathogens. In a
study on acute vaccine reactions in dogs in the USA utilizing a
large database, vaccines that contained Leptospira spp. antigen
were no more reactive than other vaccines for dogs (Moore
et al. 2005)."
Auch der Consenus beachtet die Erkenntnisse von Moore.
There is some debate as to whether vaccines containing
Leptospira spp. antigens should be considered core or non-core.
In fact, they should be classified as non-core vaccines as the term
“core” implies that all dogs, independent of their lifestyle, need
to be vaccinated. However, the number of dogs that never have
access to wildlife, environmental water sources and potentially
contaminated areas is probably very small. It should also be kept
in mind that leptospirosis has been diagnosed in urban dogs with
no apparent history of access to wildlife or water sources. Exposure
to the urine of rodents or other wildlife that visit urban areas
during the night might explain this phenomenon. All dogs “at
risk” should be regularly vaccinated, as leptospirosis is a zoonotic
disease and the disease in dogs can be severe and fatal if untreated.
After a basic vaccination with two applications three to
four weeks apart, annual revaccination is recommended for
all at-risk dogs, regardless of the breed.
Das ist mein persönlicher Lieblingsabsatz. Auf gut Deutsch: Theoretisch brauchst deinen Hund nicht impfen, wennst ihn nicht auf die Wiese lässt, allerdings dann vielleicht lieber doch, wegen der Schadnager, die im schlechtesten Fall sogar den Fifi, der nur um den Block geschliffen wird oder gar nie rauskommt und aufs Hundekisterl geht, besuchen.
Vaccines have been
shown to protect for at least 12 months (Klaasen et al. 2003).
Although some veterinarians recommend more frequent vaccinations
in dogs at a very high risk (e.g., hunting dogs in regions
with high prevalence), the necessity to vaccinate more frequently
than every 12 months has not been substantiated. At least in
countries, where cold winter temperatures inactivate leptospires
in the environment, annual revaccination should be performed
in spring to assure best protection during the months with the
highest occurrence of the infection.
